Oral ranolazine in the conversion of paroxysmal and initial onset atrial fibrillation.

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia requiring treatment. High-dose oral anti-arrhythmics (mainly class 1C or quinidine) are used as “pill in the pocket” approach to convert recent onset AF. However pro-arrhythmic risk has limited the application of this approach in many patients. Ranolazine, an antianginal agent, which inhibits abnormal late Na+ channel currents, decreases sodium-calcium overload, potentially inhibits after-depolarisations which have been implicated in the initiation and propagation of AF. Methods: Two gramme ranolazine was given orally to 40 patients with new (first detected episode of AF, 16 patients) or paroxysmal (3 hours to 72 hours duration, 24 patients) AF. Twenty-four patients were in hospital, 6 in office, and 10 at home at the time of ranolazine administration. Age, sex, associated health condition, structural heart disease (SHD) and echocardiographic criteria were recorded. Treatment for other related conditions was also given. Successful conversion was defined as restoration of sinus rhythm within 6 hours of ranolazine administration. Results: Twenty-six of 40 patients (65%) converted to sinus rhythm. No pro-arrhythmic effects, haemodynamic instability, adverse effects, or perceived intolerance were noted. Conclusion: High-dose oral ranolazine shows utility as a possible safe agent to convert new or paroxysmal AF.

see the gross qualitative parameters such as general appearance of rats and their testes after long and short term use of sildenafil citrate

To see the gross qualitative parameters such as general appearance of rats and their testes after long and short term use of Sildenafil Citrate. As very little attention has been given to explore the effects of a sildenafil citrate on histological aspects of testes, hence this experimental study was designed to check whether the drug which is being used indiscriminately in our country and abroad is safe or it has any harmful effect on the architecture of rat testis. Experimental Study. This study was conducted in departments of Anatomy and Histopathology Shaikh Zayed Hospital Lahore for a period of six weeks from 02.05.2008 to 17.06.2008. Sample size consisted of 45 animals, divided into Group A [Control], Group B and C [Experimental], Each group was consisting of 15 animals. Physical examination of rats and their testis was done every day by the author himself and recorded. After giving drug, on inspection of rats all the animals were active and healthy and the gross appearance of the testes was normal except in an animal, in which the testes were smaller than the associates of the same group. Eating habits of all the animals were normal, taking food and water freely. After half an hour of giving the drug, they were mounting over each other and looked aggressive. The comparison of all the groups, A vs B, A vs C and B vs C remained statistically non -significant [P>0.05]. No significant difference was observed in qualitative parameters [general appearance] of the rats and their testes after giving sildenafil citrate

Synthesis and anti-histaminic activity of some novel pyrimidines

Novel Pyrimidines were prepared by the condensation of Chalcones of 4 -piperazine acetophenone with guanidine HC1. The structures of the synthesized compounds RP 1-5 were assigned on the basis of Elemental analysis, IR, [1]H NMR and Mass spectroscopy. These compounds were also screened for antihistaminic activity. The recorded% of histamine inhibition showed significant antihistaminic activity when compared to the reference antihistaminic drug mepiramine

Synthesis of N, N'-bis [N-4-N-methylcarbamyl-oxymethylthioxanthen-9-on-1-yI aminoethyI] piperazine of possible antitumor activity

N,N'-bis [N-[4-hydroxymethylthioxanthen-9-on-1-yl] piperazine and its N-methylcarbamate derivative have been synthesized. The compounds are considered a combination of two molecules of the antischistosomal drug, hycanthone. The two compounds are possibly active as antitumor as well as antischistosomal